Table 1.
Table 1.

Participant Characteristics

  • a Asterisk indicates patient with previous autonomic dysreflexia.

  • b American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) impairment scale (AIS) classification: A=a complete lesion where no motor function or sensory function is preserved below the lesion level in the sacral segments S4–S5; B=an incomplete lesion where some sensory function is preserved below the lesion level, including the sacral segments S4–S5, but no motor function is preserved; C or D=an incomplete lesion where a portion of complete sensory function is preserved below the lesion level, including the sacral segments S4–S5, as well as a portion of motor function.

  • c SCI=spinal cord injury.