Outcome Measures for the Paretic Arm
a The Modified Ashworth Scale is scored with a 6-point scale (0, 1, 1+, 2, 3, and 4, where 0 indicates no increase in muscle tone and 4 indicates that the affected part is rigid in both flexion and extension). Scores for the arm component of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment can range from 0 (severe paresis) to 66 (normal). The ordinal scale score for each item of the Action Research Arm Test ranges from 0 to 3, and the total score for this test can range from 0 to 57. Scores for the Motor Activity Log can range from 0 (no use) to 5 (normal use).
b BTX-pre=before BTX type A injection, CI-pre=before constraint-induced movement therapy, CI-post=1 day after the end of constraint-induced movement therapy, 6 mo=6 months after constraint-induced movement therapy, 1 y=1 y after constraint-induced movement therapy.