RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Pain: Its Physiology and Rationale for Management JF Physical Therapy JO Phys Ther FD American Physical Therapy Association SP 24 OP 37 VO 60 IS 1 A1 Bishop, Beverly YR 1980 UL http://jcore-reference.highwire.org/content/60/1/24.abstract AB Part III of this review describes the impact that acupuncture, our drug culture, and the gate-control theory have had on our progress in elucidating pain mechanisms and in treating pain syndromes. Whether an analgesia is produced by morphine, acupuncture, or electrical stimulation of an appropriate brain region, the analgesia can be blocked by naloxone, a morphine antagonist. This observation, among others, suggests that similar effector mechanisms involving endogenous opiates serve all three types of analgesia. Although the gate-control theory must continually be revised to accord with new information, it has been a major impetus for stimulating fruitful research.