Abstract
Background Global postural re-education (GPR) has shown positive results for patients with musculoskeletal disorders, but no previous randomized controlled trial (RCT) has investigated its effectiveness as the sole procedure for adult patients with chronic nonspecific neck pain (NP).
Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of applying GPR compared with a manual therapy (MT) intervention to patients with chronic nonspecific NP.
Design An RCT was conducted.
Patients Ninety-four patients with chronic nonspecific NP (72 women and 22 men; average age=47.5 years, SD=11.3) were randomly assigned to receive either a GPR intervention or an MT intervention.
Outcome Measures Pain intensity (visual analog scale), disability (Neck Disability Index), cervical range of motion, and kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia) were assessed.
Methods The experimental group received GPR, and the reference group received MT. Both groups received nine 60-minute-long sessions with one-to-one supervision from physical therapists as the care providers. All participants were asked to follow ergonomic advice and to perform home exercises. Measures were assessed before treatment, following treatment, and at a 6-month follow-up.
Results No important baseline differences were found between groups. The experimental group exhibited a statistically significant reduction in pain following treatment and in disability 6 months after the intervention compared with the reference group.
Limitations Randomization did not lead to completely homogeneous groups. It also was noted that the time spent integrating the movements practiced during the session into daily routines at the end of each session was requested only of participants in the GPR group and may have had an impact on patient adherence that contributed to a better outcome.
Conclusions The results suggest that GPR was more effective than MT for reducing pain after treatment and for reducing disability at 6-month follow-up in patients with chronic nonspecific NP.
Footnotes
Professor Pillastrini, Dr de Lima e Sá Resende, Dr Di Ciaccio, Dr Guccione, and Dr Vanti provided concept/idea/research design. Professor Pillastrini, Dr de Lima e Sá Resende, Dr Banchelli, Dr Di Ciaccio, Dr Guccione, Dr Villafañe, and Dr Vanti provided writing. Dr de Lima e Sá Resende, Dr Banchelli, Dr Burioli, and Dr Di Ciaccio provided data collection. Dr Banchelli, Dr Guccione, and Dr Villafañe provided data analysis. Professor Pillastrini, Dr de Lima e Sá Resende, and Dr Vanti provided project management. Professor Pillastrini, Dr Burioli, Dr Di Ciaccio, and Dr Vanti provided participants. Professor Pillastrini provided facilities/equipment. Dr Guccione, Dr Villafañe, and Dr Vanti provided consultation (including review of manuscript before submission). The authors thank Dr Sara Scova for her support in data collection.
The study was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee in Clinical Research of the University of Bologna (53/2013/U/Sper).
The study protocol was registered in the Clinical Trials Registry of the National Institutes of Health (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01947231).
- Received September 9, 2015.
- Accepted March 10, 2016.
- © 2016 American Physical Therapy Association
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