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Effects of Cooling During Exercise on Thermoregulatory Responses of Men With Paraplegia

Coen C.W.G. Bongers, Thijs M.H. Eijsvogels, Ilse J.W. van Nes, Maria T.E. Hopman, Dick H.J. Thijssen
DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20150266 Published 1 May 2016
Coen C.W.G. Bongers
C.C.W.G. Bongers, MSc, Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Thijs M.H. Eijsvogels
T.M.H. Eijsvogels, PhD, Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center.
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Ilse J.W. van Nes
I.J.W. van Nes, PhD, Department of Rehabilitation, Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Maria T.E. Hopman
M.T.E. Hopman, MD, Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center.
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Dick H.J. Thijssen
D.H.J. Thijssen, PhD, Department of Physiology (392), Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands, and Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
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Figures

Figure 4.
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Figure 4.

Rate of perceived exertion (A) and thermal sensation (B) response during submaximal exercise in the cooling condition (solid line) and the control condition (dashed line). Data are presented as mean (SD) (N=10).

Figure 2.
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Figure 2.

Core body temperature and skin temperature responses during the submaximal exercise test for the cooling condition (solid line) and the control condition (dashed line). (A) A significant increase in core body temperature was observed (P<.001), with a comparable change over time across both conditions (P=.81). (B) The skin temperature was significantly lower in the cooling condition compared with the control condition (P=.003). The data are presented as mean (SD) (N=10).

Figure 1.
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Figure 1.

Overview of anatomical locations that were used to place the wireless iButton sensors to measure the mean skin temperature, trunk skin temperature, and cooling vest temperature.

Figure 3.
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Figure 3.

Trunk skin and cooling vest temperature in the cooling condition (solid line) and the control condition (dashed line). (A) The trunk skin temperature increased during exercise (P=.008) and was lower in the cooling condition (P=.01). (B) The core-to-trunk temperature gradient was higher in the cooling condition compared with the control condition (P=.003). (C) The cooling vest temperature increased during the submaximal exercise (P<.001), whereas the vest-to-trunk temperature gradient decreased during exercise (P<.001). The error bars represent the SD (N=10).

Tables

Table 1.
Table 1.

Participant Characteristics and Results of the Maximal Exercise Testa

  • ↵a Peak PO=peak power output, V̇o2max=maximum oxygen consumption, HRmax=maximum heart rate.

  • b Data are not normally distributed; therefore, group averages represent median (minimum–maximum).

  • c Incomplete lesion representing American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) score B.

  • d Participant did not perform a maximal exercise test; peak PO was estimated based on the training intensity during rehabilitation.

Table 2.
Table 2.

Exercise Characteristics During Submaximal Exercise Test

  • a Data are presented as mean (SD), except as otherwise indicated. HR=heart rate.

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Vol 96 Issue 5 Table of Contents
Physical Therapy: 96 (5)

Issue highlights

  • Group Versus Individual Physical Therapy for Veterans With Knee Osteoarthritis: Randomized Clinical Trial
  • What Influences Patient-Therapist Interactions in Musculoskeletal Physical Therapy? Qualitative Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis
  • Identifying Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain Who Respond Best to Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Therapeutic Exercise Training to Reduce Chronic Headache in Working Women: Design of a Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Effects of Nonpharmacological Interventions for Dizziness in Older People: Systematic Review
  • Effects of Cooling During Exercise on Thermoregulatory Responses of Men With Paraplegia
  • Cognitive Contributions to Freezing of Gait in Parkinson Disease: Implications for Physical Rehabilitation
  • Neck Pain and Proprioception Revisited Using the Proprioception Incongruence Detection Test
  • 10-m Shuttle Ride Test in Youth With Osteogenesis Imperfecta Who Use Wheelchairs: Feasibility, Reproducibility, and Physiological Responses
  • Tonic Stretch Reflex Threshold as a Measure of Ankle Plantar-Flexor Spasticity After Stroke
  • Diaphragm Pacing as a Rehabilitative Tool for Patients With Pompe Disease Who Are Ventilator-Dependent: Case Series
  • NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Controlling Intervertebral Disk Cell Response to Inflammatory and Mechanical Stressors
  • Mechanotransduction: Relevance to Physical Therapist Practice—Understanding Our Ability to Affect Genetic Expression Through Mechanical Forces
  • Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine: Addressing the Vexing Problem of Persistent Muscle Atrophy in the Chronically Torn Human Rotator Cuff
  • Neural Stem Cell Therapy and Rehabilitation in the Central Nervous System: Emerging Partnerships
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Effects of Cooling During Exercise on Thermoregulatory Responses of Men With Paraplegia
Coen C.W.G. Bongers, Thijs M.H. Eijsvogels, Ilse J.W. van Nes, Maria T.E. Hopman, Dick H.J. Thijssen
Physical Therapy May 2016, 96 (5) 650-658; DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20150266

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Effects of Cooling During Exercise on Thermoregulatory Responses of Men With Paraplegia
Coen C.W.G. Bongers, Thijs M.H. Eijsvogels, Ilse J.W. van Nes, Maria T.E. Hopman, Dick H.J. Thijssen
Physical Therapy May 2016, 96 (5) 650-658; DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20150266
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Subjects

  • Intervention
    • Physical Agents/Modalities
    • Therapeutic Exercise
  • Integumentary System
    • Integumentary System: Other
  • Neurology/Neuromuscular System
    • Spinal Cord Injuries
    • Hemiplegia/Paraplegia/Quadriplegia

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