A Further Step to Develop Patient-Friendly Implementation Strategies for Virtual Reality–Based Rehabilitation in Patients With Acute Stroke

Minyoung Lee; Sung-Bom Pyun; Jinjoo Chung; Jungjin Kim; Seon-Deok Eun; BumChul Yoon

doi:10.2522/ptj.20150271

Figures

Figure 1.

Virtual reality (VR)–based rehabilitation software tailored to patients with hemiplegic stroke. (A) and (B) show a participant performing the workout mode of training and the VR content reflected back to the participant. (C) and (D) show a participant performing the game mode of training and the VR content including a hammer (participant's hand movement) and a mole (target). The software was developed based on a proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching technique.

Figure 2.

Patient-perceived levels of difficulty and enjoyment in each mode of training. “u” on the x-axis indicates the unaffected upper extremity was used; “b” indicates bilateral upper extremities were used. Otherwise, the affected upper extremity was used. P=participant.

Tables

Table 3.

Upper Extremity Function and Activities of Daily Living Performance Before and After the Intervention^{^a}

↵^a All indicators are presented as median (interquartile range). BBT=Box and Block Test, FMA=Fugl-Meyer Assessment, MBI=Modified Barthel Index, MFT=Manual Function Test.
^b According to the Wilcoxon signed rank test.
^c Calculated using the Cohen d effect size equation.
^d P<.05.

Table 2.

Mean Heart Rates Depending on the Mode of Training^{^a}

↵^a All indicators are presented as mean±standard deviation (range of values). MHR=median heart rate, RHR=resting heart rate, HRR=heart rate reserve from the resting heart rate.
^b 10% HRR according to the Karvonen formula.

Table 1.

Participants' Demographic and Clinical Characteristics^{^a}

↵^a MCA=middle cerebral artery, MMSE=Mini-Mental State Examination, MMT=manual muscle test, NIHSS=National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, PCA=posterior cerebral artery, PICA=posterior inferior cerebellar artery.

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A Further Step to Develop Patient-Friendly Implementation Strategies for Virtual Reality–Based Rehabilitation in Patients With Acute Stroke

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