Figures
Immunohistochemical staining of rat spinal cord stained with the anti-Iba1 antibody on day 28 after CCI (A–F) and quantification of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) immunoreactivity on days 14 and 28 after CCI (G) in the ipsilateral dorsal horn of the spinal cord in (A) CCI, (B) sham, (C) sham+TT+TU, (D) TT, (E) TU, and (F) TT+TU rats, where CCI=chronic constriction injury, sham=sham operated, sham+TT+TU=sham operated rats that received treadmill training and therapeutic ultrasound, TT=CCI rats that underwent treadmill training, TU=CCI rats that received therapeutic ultrasound, and TT+TU=CCI rats that received treadmill training and therapeutic ultrasound. The data are expressed as the mean area (±standard error of the mean) for 6 rats per group. All images were taken at magnification 2.5× prior to reproduction unless noted. Scale bars: 200 μm. *P<.05 compared with the sham group, +P<.05 compared with the CCI group, #P<.05 when the TT+TU group was compared with the TU or TT group (1-way analysis of variance followed by post hoc Bonferroni test).
The levels of (A) interleukin-6 (IL-6) and (B) interleukin-10 (IL-10) on days 14 and 28 after CCI in the spinal cord of 5 different groups of rats: CCI, sham, sham+TT+TU, TT, TU, and TT+TU, where CCI=chronic constriction injury, sham=sham operated, sham+TT+TU=sham operated rats that received treadmill training and therapeutic ultrasound, TT=CCI rats that underwent treadmill training, TU=CCI rats that received therapeutic ultrasound, and TT+TU=CCI rats that received treadmill training and therapeutic ultrasound. The values are presented as the mean (±standard error of the mean) for 7 rats per group. *P<.05 compared with the sham group, +P<.05 compared with the CCI group, #P<.05 when the TT+TU group was compared with the TU or TT group (1-way analysis of variance followed by post hoc Bonferroni test).
The behavioral time courses of a (A) mechanical withdrawal threshold and (B) thermal withdrawal latency (B) in the CCI, sham, sham+TT+TU, TT, TU, and TT+TU rats, where CCI=chronic constriction injury, sham=sham operated, sham+TT+TU=sham operated rats that received treadmill training and therapeutic ultrasound, TT=CCI rats that underwent treadmill training, TU=CCI rats that received therapeutic ultrasound, and TT+TU=CCI rats that received treadmill training and therapeutic ultrasound. The data are presented as the mean (±standard error of the mean) for 10 rats per group. *P<.05 compared with the sham group, +P<.05 compared with the CCI group, #P<.05 when the TT+TU group was compared with the TT group, @P<.05 when the TT+TU group was compared with the TU group (2-way analysis of variance for repeated measures followed by post hoc Bonferroni test).
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