Factors Contributing to 50-ft Walking Speed and Observed Ethnic Differences in Older Community-Dwelling Mexican Americans and European Americans

Myla U. Quiben; Helen P. Hazuda

doi:10.2522/ptj.20140152

Figures

Figure 1.

Comparison of components of the San Antonio Longitudinal Study of Aging (SALSA) disablement process model (DPM) and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) model.³⁵

Figure 2.

Flow chart of study participants. SAHS=San Antonio Heart Study, SALSA=San Antonio Longitudinal Study of Aging, BMI=body mass index, HBP=high blood pressure, COPD=chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, FEV₁=forced expiratory volume in 1 second, LVH=left ventricular hypertrophy, ROM=range of motion.

Figure 3.

San Antonio Longitudinal Study of Aging (SALSA) disablement process model: main disease-disability pathway and modifiers.³³ MI=myocardial infarction.

Tables

Table 1.

Sample Characteristics^{^a}

↵^a NA=not applicable, BMI=body mass index, ROM=range of motion, HBP=high blood pressure, COPD=chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, LogMAR=log of the minimal angle of resolution, FEV₁=forced expiratory volume in 1 second, LVH=left ventricular hypertrophy.
^b Annual income in dollars: 11.62=$21,701, 10.51=$16,512, 12.83=$29,958.
^c Category 1: <500 kcal/wk; category 2: 500–999 kcal/wk; category 3: 1,000+ kcal/wk.
^d Numbers for diseases and impairments vary due to missing data, as documented in Figure 1.
^e LogMAR scores: higher values indicate poorer vision.
^f Lower extremity strength and ROM: Physical Disability Index scores are calculated as the percent of maximum achieved in the sample.

Table 2.

Regression Models Examining Contributors to 50-ft Walking Speed in a Biethnic Cohort of Community-Dwelling Older Adults^{^a}

↵^a SES=socioeconomic status, MA=Mexican Americans, EA=European Americans, 95% CI=95% confidence interval, BMI=body mass index, ROM=range of motion, HBP=high blood pressure, COPD=chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, LogMAR=log of the minimal angle of resolution, FEV₁=forced expiratory volume in 1 second, LVH=left ventricular hypertrophy.
^b Category 1: <500 kcal/wk; category 2: 500–999 kcal/wk; category 3: 1,000+ kcal/wk.
^c LogMAR scores: higher values indicate poorer vision.
^d Lower extremity strength and ROM: Physical Disability Index scores are calculated as the percent of maximum achieved in the sample.