Silva-Couto MA, Prado-Medeiros CL, Oliveira AB, et al. Muscle atrophy, voluntary activation disturbances, and low concentrations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 are associated with weakness in people with chronic stroke. Phys Ther. 2014;94:957–967.

doi:10.2522/ptj.20130322.cx

Silva-Couto MA, Prado-Medeiros CL, Oliveira AB, et al. Muscle atrophy, voluntary activation disturbances, and low concentrations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 are associated with weakness in people with chronic stroke. Phys Ther. 2014;94:957–967.

DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20130322.cx Published 1 March 2015

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Figure 4.

Muscle activation during maximal voluntary concentric contraction. EMG=electromyography (in millivolts), CL=control limb, NPL=nonparetic limb, PL=paretic limb, RF=rectus femoris, VM=vastus medialis, VL=vastus lateralis, BF=biceps femoris, ST=semitendinosus. *P<.0017. Comparisons are indicated by brackets. Note the decreased RF muscle activation in the PL during concentric extension and decreased BF and ST activity in the PL during concentric flexion.

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Vol 95 Issue 3 Table of Contents

Issue highlights

Physical Therapist Interventions for Parkinson Disease
Effectiveness of Passive Physical Modalities for Shoulder Pain: Systematic Review by the Ontario Protocol for Traffic Injury Management Collaboration
Effectiveness of the Godelieve Denys-Struyf (GDS) Method in People With Low Back Pain: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Safety and Feasibility of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Pediatric Hemiparesis: Randomized Controlled Preliminary Study
Patients' Use of a Home-Based Virtual Reality System to Provide Rehabilitation of the Upper Limb Following Stroke
Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder Play Active Virtual Reality Games Differently Than Children With Typical Development
Grip Force Modulation Characteristics as a Marker for Clinical Disease Progression in Individuals With Parkinson Disease: Case-Control Study
Balance Training Using an iPhone Application in People With Familial Dysautonomia: Three Case Reports
Physical Therapy 2.0: Leveraging Social Media to Engage Patients in Rehabilitation and Health Promotion
Perspectives on the Evolution of Mobile (mHealth) Technologies and Application to Rehabilitation
Professionalism in a Digital Age: Opportunities and Considerations for Using Social Media in Health Care
Emergence of Virtual Reality as a Tool for Upper Limb Rehabilitation: Incorporation of Motor Control and Motor Learning Principles
“Kinect-ing” With Clinicians: A Knowledge Translation Resource to Support Decision Making About Video Game Use in Rehabilitation
Considerations in the Efficacy and Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Interventions for Stroke Rehabilitation: Moving the Field Forward
Interdisciplinary Concepts for Design and Implementation of Mixed Reality Interactive Neurorehabilitation Systems for Stroke
Role of Body-Worn Movement Monitor Technology for Balance and Gait Rehabilitation

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Silva-Couto MA, Prado-Medeiros CL, Oliveira AB, et al. Muscle atrophy, voluntary activation disturbances, and low concentrations of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 are associated with weakness in people with chronic stroke. Phys Ther. 2014;94:957–967.

Physical Therapy Mar 2015, 95 (3) 471; DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20130322.cx