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Global Position Sensing and Step Activity as Outcome Measures of Community Mobility and Social Interaction for an Individual With a Transfemoral Amputation Due to Dysvascular Disease

Arun Jayaraman, Sean Deeny, Yochai Eisenberg, Gayatri Mathur, Todd Kuiken
DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20120527 Published 1 March 2014
Arun Jayaraman
A. Jayaraman, PT, PhD, Max Nader Center for Rehabilitation Technologies and Outcomes Research and Center for Bionic Medicine, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois. Mailing address: Max Nader Center for Rehabilitation Technologies and Outcomes Research, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, 345 E Superior St, Room 1771, Chicago, IL 60611 (USA).
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Sean Deeny
S. Deeny, PhD, Max Nader Center for Rehabilitation Technologies and Outcomes Research, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University.
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Yochai Eisenberg
Y. Eisenberg, MUPP, Department of Disability and Human Development, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
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Gayatri Mathur
G. Mathur, PT, Max Nader Center for Rehabilitation Technologies and Outcomes Research, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University.
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Todd Kuiken
T. Kuiken, MD, PhD, Center for Bionic Medicine, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University.
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Figure 1.
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Figure 1.

Flowchart illustration of analysis of combined step activity and global positioning system (GPS) data to determine when the patient was walking or using a wheelchair and where she was at the time of activity. a Based on the GPS data, if the patient was indoors and not traversing distances, we determined that she was likely moving her feet while stationary or making small ambulatory movements while in one location. b In some instances, there were not enough steps to indicate a walking trip given the distance traversed. c Some steps occurred during wheelchair trips from bumps, minor leg movements, and getting in and out of the wheelchair.

Figure 2.
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Figure 2.

Representative global positioning system plots from (A) a day spent making multiple trips outside the house and (B) a day spent entirely in the home.

Figure 3.
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Figure 3.

Time spent out of the house and at community locations. (A) Days when the patient left the house coded by weekdays and weekend days. Although she left the house 10 out of the 31 days, one of the days had missing global positioning system data. Therfore, only 9 days are presented here. Asterisk (*) indicates a day when she left the house, but time could not be calculated due to missing data. (B) The different community places visited during the month and the average duration of time spent at each visit.

Figure 4.
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Figure 4.

Trip modes and steps taken for the days when the patient left the house (10 out of 31 days). (A) Number of car trips, wheelchair trips, and walking trips on these days. Undetermined trips indicate trips where the step and global positioning system data did not allow a clear distinction between walking and wheelchair trips. (B) Steps taken at home and outside the home on days when the patient left the house.

Tables

Table.
Table.

Baseline Outcome Measures for the Patient, Indicating Her Diagnosis as a Limited Community Ambulator

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Vol 94 Issue 3 Table of Contents
Physical Therapy: 94 (3)

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Global Position Sensing and Step Activity as Outcome Measures of Community Mobility and Social Interaction for an Individual With a Transfemoral Amputation Due to Dysvascular Disease
Arun Jayaraman, Sean Deeny, Yochai Eisenberg, Gayatri Mathur, Todd Kuiken
Physical Therapy Mar 2014, 94 (3) 401-410; DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20120527

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Global Position Sensing and Step Activity as Outcome Measures of Community Mobility and Social Interaction for an Individual With a Transfemoral Amputation Due to Dysvascular Disease
Arun Jayaraman, Sean Deeny, Yochai Eisenberg, Gayatri Mathur, Todd Kuiken
Physical Therapy Mar 2014, 94 (3) 401-410; DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20120527
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